What type of isomers are found in tetrahedral four coordinate complexes?

In tetrahedral four-coordinate complexes, the common type of isomers observed are enantiomers. Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. Due to the three-dimensional arrangement of the ligands around the central metal atom in a tetrahedral geometry, it is possible to have complexes that are mirror images but cannot be aligned to look the same, much like left and right hands.

Tetrahedral complexes often possess chirality when their ligands can be arranged in such a way that there is asymmetry in their configuration. This leads to the formation of two different enantiomers for a given set of ligands, as one configuration can exist without being superimposable onto its mirror image.

Other types of isomers, such as cis and trans, are typically found in square planar or octahedral complexes, where the arrangement can lead to distinctions based on relative positioning of ligands. Identical refers to molecules that are the same in every respect, which would not apply to tetrahedral complexes since enantiomers differ in their spatial arrangement. Structural and geometric isomers generally involve different connectivity of atoms or varying spatial arrangements, typically more relevant to other coordination geometries than tetrahedral.